Atal tunnel is one of the wonder in the world ,This tunnel belongs to india .It engineering marvels This tunnel is world longest and largest, it built at an altitude of 3000 meter (or )10000 ft of above sea level
This tunnel is reduce distance between manali to leh 46 km by road
length of atal tunnel is9.2 km (or ) 5.60 miles This tunnel is open or inaugurated on 03 /10/2020 by Indian prime minister sri narendra damodar das modi ( NAMO) this tunnel is located at rohtang pass in himachal pradesh this tunnel is called atal tunnel and also called rohtang pass tunnel
cold weather, contact of these areas with other parts of the country was completely eradicated for six months. During its construction, the Border Roads Organization faced a number of geographical and meteorological challenges, an official said. Especially the construction work was quite complicated and difficult in the 587-meter area of Seri Nala Fault Zone.
cost of the atal tunnel project is 3300 crores
As you enter the 10-metre wide, horse shoe shaped tunnel, located at 10,000 feet, you are hit by a strong gust of wind sweeping in from the treeless, snow clad mountains. There is no human habitation for miles around. It would normally take around five hours to cross the Rohtang Pass—a route marked by heavy vehicular traffic, tourists stopping for a glimpse of the snow, and military convoys headed north. The tunnel changes all that. It zips you under the pass in just 10 minutes. It shrinks the Manali-Leh road by 46 km.
NEEDS OF TUNNEL
- Cutting through the Pir Panjal range, the tunnel will reduce the space between Manali and Leh by 46 km. The Rohtang Pass, to which the tunnel provides an alternate, is found at a height of 13,050 feet, and a journey from Manali Valley to Lahaul and Spiti Valley, which normally takes around five hours to barter , would now be completed in little over ten minutes.
- The tunnel are going to be a boon to the residents of the Lahaul and Spiti Valley who remain stop from the remainder of the country in winters for nearly six months thanks to heavy snowfall, the tunnel will provide almost all-weather connectivity to the troops stationed in Ladakh.
- For full all-weather connectivity, additional tunnels will need to be built on the Manali-Leh route in order that the high passes on the axis don't impede movement thanks to snowfall.
- It will also provide all-weather connectivity to remote border areas of Himachal Pradesh and Ladakh, which otherwise remained stop from the rest of the country for about six months.The project has significant strategic implications for the military. Once the tunnel is operational, the forces will have access beyond the Rohtang Pass even in peak winter.
- Named for former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the Atal Rohtang tunnel connects Manali in Kullu district and Himachal Pradesh’s Lahaul-Spiti district. It is 9.2- kiolo metres long and about 3,000 metres above water level . the only tube bi-lane tunnel, 5.5 metres high, was bored through solid rock nearly two kilometres under the Rohtang Pass. the manufacturers used a drill and blast technique for excavation, including the New Austrian Tunnelling Method for construction.Another parallel tunnel of three .3x2.2 metres, an emergency passage of sorts, has been constructed under the Atal Rohtang tunnel with staircases at every 500 metres connecting it to the most tunnel. Three thousand cars and 1,500 trucks can undergo the Atal Tunnel at 80 km per hour.
- It is a 10.5 m-wide single tube, a bi-lane tunnel with a fireproof emergency tunnel built into the main tunnel itself. The 10.5-m width includes a 1-metre footpath on both sides.
- Foundation stone was laid by UPA chairperson Sonia Gandhi on 28 June 2010
- As of January 2012, 2.5 km of the tunnel digging had been completed
- As of June 2012, 3.5 km of the tunnel digging had been completed.
- Only a touch progress was made within the next one year thanks to heavy ingress of water that required constant dewatering and slowed the digging and blasting to a crawl
- As of October 2013, a touch quite 4 km of the tunnel had been dug. However, about 30 m portion of the roof of the tunnel collapsed towards the north portal on 17 October 2013 and therefore the digging had to be stopped.
- As of September 2014, 4.4 km of the tunnel, i.e., half of 9.2km planned length had been dug.
- As of December 2016, 7.6 km of the tunnel digging had been completed. Excavation was expected to be completed
- As of 4 May 2017, 7.92 km of the tunnel digging had been completed and breakthrough was expected by Sept/Oct 2017
- As of three Sep 2017, 276 meters of the tunnel digging work remained.Tunnel to be opened for emergency services like Ambulance to be opened by winters.
- As of 18 Sep 2017, 170 meters of the tunnel digging work remained and breakthrough was expected by October-end.
- As on 13 October 2017 both ends of the tunnel met. The Defence Minister, Nirmala Sitharaman, visited the location on 15 October 2017
- As on 22 November 2017, it had been decided to permit patients to be carried through the under-construction tunnel only within the gravest of emergency when the helicopter service wasn't available and to not allow civilians to enter the tunnel before completion thanks to risks of falling rocks, lack of oxygen within the tunnel as ventilation was yet to be installed, etc. and certain interruption in construction work thanks to presence of civilians.
- Mar 2018: The tunnel could also be fully opened for general traffic in 2019 after detailed work of laying concrete road, security points, fire safety, complete ventilation and telephone booths at regular intervals is completed.
- Sep 2018: the tunnel is getting used for evacuation of individuals stranded in Lahaul after sudden spell of inclemency blocked Rohtang La thanks to snowfall.
- Dec 2018: Tunnel to be inaugurated before 2019 end.
- Jul 2019: Tunnel to be made operational by June 2020.
- Oct 2019: 100 meters work yet to be finished. To be opened for emergency traffic by Oct-2019 end. To be opened for general traffic by Sep-2020.
- Nov 2019: bus company trial started through the yet-incomplete tunnel on Revolutionary Organization 17 November 2019.A Himachal Road Transport Corporation bus carrying 44 passengers entered tunnel from the south portal and therefore the passengers alighted at the north portal. The bus company will run once each day within the next five winter months for residents of Lahaul and Spiti valleys. Private vehicles won't be allowed through the tunnel.
- Dec 2019: On 25th of December the tunnel, which was referred to as Rohtang tunnel till then, was officially renamed because the Atal Tunnel.
- Sept 2020: The tunnel is about to be inaugurated by Prime Minster Narendra Modi on 3 October, 2020
- The unique features of this tunnel begin a good distance far away from it on the approach roads to the north and south portals.
- Bridges in rivers on the approach to the tunnel from both the portals have also been completed and are now being painted. Snow galleries have also been built at the approach road to the tunnel from Manali side, and this may ensure all-weather connectivity.
- Other features include an emergency escape tunnel under the most tunnel. this is able to provide an fire escape just in case of any untoward incident which can render the most tunnel unuseable.
- The tunnel also provides a telephone every 150 metres,
- fireplug every 60 metres,
- fire escape every 500 metres,
- turning cavern every 2.2 km, air quality monitoring all km, broadcasting system and automatic incident detection system
- CCTV cameras every 250 metres.
- Vehicles will travel at a maximum speed of 80 km per hour.
- Up to 1,500 trucks and three ,
- 3000 cars are expected to use it per day when things gets to normal
- 3,000 contractual workers and 650 regular employees of the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) have been working in shifts through 24 hours on the project.
The tunnel is meant to make an all-weather route to Leh and Lahaul and Spiti valleys in Himachal Pradesh.- Salient features of the proposed Rohtang Tunnel are as follows:
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Length of Tunnel: 9.02 km (5.6 mi)
- South portal
- North portal
- Shape (cross-section) of Tunnel: Horseshoe
- Finished width: 10.00 m (32.8 ft) at road level. (8m pavement and 1m footpath on both sides)
- General altitude of the tunnel: 3,000–3,100 m or 9,840–10,170 ft
- Designated vehicular speed: 80 km/h (50 mph)
- Geology of tunnelling media: Uniformly dipping alternate sequence of quartzites, quartzitic schists, quartz-diolite-schist with thin bands.
- Tunnel boring machines won't be used due to the lack to ascertain inside the mountain, instead blasting and digging are going to be wont to build the tunnel.[2]
- Temperature variation within the area: 25–30 °C (77–86 °F) during May–June, −30 to −20 °C (−22 to −4 °F) during Dec–Jan.
- Overburden: Maximum 1,900 metres (6,230 ft), average quite 600 m (1,970 ft)
- Construction technique proposed: Drill & Blast with NATM
- Support system proposed: Fibre-reinforced concrete (100–300mm or 0–10 inch thick) combined with rock bolt (26.50mm dia, 5,000–9,000mm or 200–350 inch long) has been proposed because the principal network . In areas of poor rock condition, yieldable steel ribs (ISMB 150/ISMB 300) are proposed additionally .
- Tunnel ventilation: Semi-transverse system of ventilation has been proposed.
- A 2.25 m high and three .6 m wide emergency tunnel are going to be integrated within the tunnel cross-section beneath the most carriageway.
- The following parameters are set in design:
- ------------------------------------------------------
- (a) Upper tolerance limit for concentration – 150 ppm
- (b) Visibility factor – 0.009/m
- (c) Vehicles
- (i) Cars – 3000 Nos.
- (ii Trucks – 1500 Nos.
- (d) Peak hour traffic – 337.50 PCUs
- (e) Design vehicular speed in Tunnel
- (i) Maximum Speed – 80 km/h (50 mph)
- (ii) Minimum Speed – 30 km/h (19 mph)
Need any information contact admwondersindia@gmail.com
No comments:
Post a Comment