Agra Fort could be a historical fort within the town of Agra in Asian country IN INDIA. it absolutely was the most residence of the emperors of the Mughal family line till 1638, once the capital was shifted from Agra to urban center. Before capture by land, the last Indian rulers to possess occupied it were the Marathas. In 1983, the Agra fort was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage website it's regarding two.5 kilometre northwest of its additional notable sister monument, the Taj Mahal. The fort may be additional accurately delineate as a walled town.
It had been utilized by the first mughal rulers. The Fort stands on associate ancient website and was historically called Badalgarh. it absolutely was captured by Ghaznavi for a few time however within the fifteenth century A.D. the Chauhan Rajputs occupied it. Soon after, Agra assumed the standing of capital once Sikandar Lodi (A.D. 1487–1517) shifted his capital from urban center and made a couple of buildings within the pre-existing Fort at Agra. when the primary battle of battle of Panipat (A.D. 1526) Mughals captured the fort and dominated from it. In A.D. 1530, Humayun was topped in it. The Fort got its gift look throughout the reign of Akbar (A.D. 1556–1605
LOCATION
LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE
- 27.18 North latitude
- 78.02 East longitude
MSL ( MEAN SEA LEVEL)
The elevation or mean sea level of AGRA is 170 meters (or) 560 ft above sea level
CLIMATE
The city options delicate winters, hot and dry summers and a monsoon season.
The Agra district, from its proximity to the sandy Thar desert to the west, is comparatively dry, and has larger extremes of temperature than districts more east. the recent current of air, bathroom blows chiefly throughout April, May, and Gregorian calendar month with nice force and might cause fatal heat strokes.onsoon rains typically begin within the initial week in July; and customarily finish in time period. However, the monsoons, although substantial in Agra, aren't quite as serious because the monsoon in different elements of Asian nation. The weather grows cold once more by the center of Oct.
The Agra district, from its proximity to the sandy Thar desert to the west, is comparatively dry, and has larger extremes of temperature than districts more east. the recent current of air, bathroom blows chiefly throughout April, May, and Gregorian calendar month with nice force and might cause fatal heat strokes.onsoon rains typically begin within the initial week in July; and customarily finish in time period. However, the monsoons, although substantial in Agra, aren't quite as serious because the monsoon in different elements of Asian nation. The weather grows cold once more by the center of Oct.
The region around Agra, the northwest Indo-Gangetic plain is susceptible to extreme fog within the winter months, that is caused because of natural factors like low winds, low temperatures, convenience of wetness except for pollution.
This development usually ends up in massive delays and typically cancellation of trains because of poor visibility.
Agra has high levels of pollution and one in all the worst AQIs in Asian nation. during a study conducted by WHO mistreatment knowledge from years 2010–2016, Agra hierarchic because the eighth most contaminated town in Asian nation, beside different close cities together with Delhi, Kanpur and Faridabad.
LOCAL LANGUAGE
- Hindi
- English
Mobile Network availability in AGRA
- Bsnl
- Airtel
- Jio
- Idea
- Vodafone
AGRA FORT is famous for
Agra Fort is a historical fort in the city of Agra in India. It was the main residence of the emperors of the Mughal Dynasty till 1638, when the capital was shifted from Agra to Delhi. The Agra fort is a UNESCO World Heritage site.It is about 2.5 km northwest of its more famous sister monument, the Taj Mahal.
Agra Fort Opening Days
Agra Fort timings are from sunrise to sunset on all days of the week. The opening hours are between 6 am to 6 pm.
Agra Fort Ticket
- Entry Fee (Indian) INR 35
- Entry Fee (SAARC and BIMSTEC) INR 35
- Entry Fee (Foreigner ) INR 550
- Entry Below (Children Below Age 15) FREE
History
Agra Fort captured by Hemu before the Battle of urban center (1556).
After the primary Battle of battle of Panipat in 1526, Babur stayed within the fort, within the palace of patriarch Lodi. He later designed a baoli (step well) in it. His successor, Humayun, was topped within the fort in 1530. He was defeated at Bilgram in 1540 by Sher Shah Suri. The fort remained with the Suris until 1555, once Humayun recaptured it. Adil Shah Suri's general, Hemu, recaptured Agra in 1556 and pursued its fleeing governor to urban center wherever he met the Mughals within the Battle of Tughlaqabad.
Effect created by lighting candles in Sheesh Mahal, Agra Fort.
Realising the importance of its central state of affairs, Akbar created it his capital and arrived in Agra in 1558. His scholar, Abul Fazl, recorded that this was a brick fort called 'Badalgarh'. it absolutely was in a very ruined condition and Akbar had it remodeled with red arenaceous rock from Barauli space Dhaulpur district, in Rajasthan.[citation needed] Architects set the inspiration and it absolutely was designed with bricks within the inner core with arenaceous rock on external surfaces. Some 4,000 builders worked on that daily for eight years, finishing it in 1573.
It was solely throughout the reign of Akbar's grandchild, Shah Jahan, that the location took on its current state. Emperor designed the attractive Taj Mahal within the memory of his adult female, Mumtaz Mahal. not like his granddad, Emperor attended have buildings made of white marble. He destroyed a number of the sooner buildings within the fort to create his own.
The fort was beneath the person rulers of Bharatpur for thirteen Years. within the fort, they designed the rattan Singh ki haveli. The fort was invaded and captured by the Indian Empire within the early eighteenth century. Thereafter, it modified hands between the Marathas and their foes again and again. when their ruinous defeat at Third Battle of battle of Panipat by Ahmad Shah Abdali in 1761, Marathas remained out of the region for future decade. Finally Mahadji Shinde took the fort in 1785. it absolutely was lost by the Marathas to land throughout the Second Anglo-Maratha War, in 1803.
The fort was the location of a battle throughout the Indian rebellion of 1857, that caused the top of land {east india|Malay Archipelago|East Indies|East Asian country|archipelago} Company's rule out India, and light-emitting diode to a century of direct rule of Asian country by Great Britain.
Layout
- Plan of the Red Fort, Agra from Murray's Handbooks for Travellers 1911
- The 380,000 M2 (94-acre) fort encompasses a curved arrange, its chord lies parallel to the stream Yamuna and its walls area unit seventy feet high. Double ramparts have huge circular bastions at intervals, with battlements, embrasures, machicolations and string courses. Four gates were provided on its four sides, one Khizri gate gap on to the stream.
- Two of the fort's gates area unit notable: the "Delhi Gate" and therefore the "Lahore Gate." The Lahore Gate conjointly|is additionally} popularly also called the "Amar Singh Gate," for Amar Singh Rathore.
- The monumental Old Delhi Gate, that faces town on the western aspect of the fort, is taken into account the grandest of the four gates and a masterpiece of Akbar's time. it had been designed circa 1568 each to boost security and because the king's formal gate, and includes options associated with each. it's embellished with Byzantine inlay add white marble.
- A picket span was accustomed cross the trench and reach the gate from the mainland; within, Associate in Nursing inner entry referred to as Hathi leader ("Elephant Gate") – guarded by 2 full-size stone elephants with their riders – extra another layer of security. The span, slight ascent, and 90-degree flip between the outer and inner gates build the doorway impregnable. throughout a blockade, attackers would use elephants to crush a fort's gates. while not grade, straight run-up to collect speed, however, that factor is prevented by this layout.
- Because the Indian military (the Parachute Brigade in particular) continues to be exploitation the northern portion of the Agra Fort, the Old Delhi Gate can't be employed by the general public. Tourists enter via the Amar Singh Gate.
- The site is incredibly vital in terms of beaux arts history. Abul Fazal recorded that 5 hundred buildings within the lovely styles of geographic region and Gujarat were inbuilt the fort. a number of them were destroyed by Shah Jahan to form method for his white marble palaces. Most of the others were destroyed by Brits troops of Malay Archipelago Company between 1803 and 1862 for raising barracks. Hardly thirty Mughal buildings have survived on the south-eastern aspect, facing the stream, like the Old Delhi Gate and Akbar Gate and one palace – "Bengali Mahal".
- Akbar Darwaza (Akbar Gate) was renamed Amar Singh Gate by Shah Jahan. The gate is analogous in style to the Old Delhi Gate. each area unit designed of red arenaceous rock.[citation needed]
- The Bengali Mahal is made of red arenaceous rock and is currently split into Akbari Mahal and Jahangiri Mahal.
Other Historic sites within city Fort
Musamman Burj (an polygon tower)
within the Agra fort is that the most romantic, decorative marquee whereby lived 2 stunning and powerful Mughal queens-Nurjahan (Jahangir's chief queen) and Mumtaz Mahal (Shahjahan's chief queen). the standard of pietra dura mater (stone inlay work) decoration is fabulous and ideal. Here Shahjahan spent his previous few years as a captive control by Aurangzeb (Shahjahan's son). Shahjahan languished and died observing the mausoleum
Diwan-I-Khas (hall of personal audience)
was engineered by Shahjahan in 1636-37. it's alittle hall with double marble columns decorated with pietra dura mater decoration. Here the Mughal emperor received vital dignitaries or foreign ambassadors. On the terrace, ahead of this hall, ar 2 marble thrones. The black throne belongs to Jahangir United Nations agency, as aristocrat Ilich Sanchez in rebellion against Akbar at Allahabad, had ordered it for himself. Below this terrace lies the grand grounds of Machchi Bhawan, meant for living quarters functions. On another facet stands alittle house of worship engineered for Shahjahan by Aurangzeb.
Diwan-I-Aam (hall of public audience)
The arches ar lined with white lime polished to a swish end. The triple arched royal cover has lavish pietra dura mater ornamentation. Here was unbroken the known Peacock Throne ordered by Shahjahan. He met officers and commoners and listened to the petitioners within the Diwan-I-Aam. any north stands the Moti place of worship (pearl mosque), its 3 domes in white marble raising their heads over the red arenaceous rock wall. Moti place of worship is understood for its sheer grandeur and ideal proportions
Jahangir's Hauz (tank) A.D. 1610:
This monolithic tank (hauz) was used for bathing. it's five feet high, eight feet in diameter and twenty five feet in circumference. On the external aspect of the rim there's Associate in Nursing inscription in Persian that mentions it as 'Hauz-e-Jahangir'. it had been 1st discovered close to the yard of Akbar's palace. In A.D. 1843 and later it had been placed before of Diwan-e-Am. In 1862, it had been shifted to public garden (Company Bagh) wherever it suffered a lot of injury. Later, Sir John Marshall brought it back to city Fort and placed there. because of this hauz, the palace became celebrated as Jahangiri Mahal although it's a part of Akbar's Bengali mahal.
Shahjahani Mahal (1628-35 A.D.):
it's set in between the white marble Khas Mahal and also the red stone Jahangiri Mahal and is ready transitionally in between these 2 residential complexes of 2 totally different ages. it's the earliest try of the Mughal emperor Shahjahan to convert Associate in Nursing existing red stone building in accordance together with his style and it had been his earliest palace in city Fort. it's an oversized hall, aspect rooms Associate in Nursing an polygon tower on the riverside. The skeletal construction of brick and red stone was all redone with a thick white stucco plaster and colourfully painted in floral styles. the entire palace once glistened white like white marble. On the face towards the Khas Mahal, could be a giant spacious white marble dalan, composed of 5 arches, supported on double pillars and guarded outwardly by a chhajja. Its closed western bay homes, the Ghazni gate, Babur's baoli and a well area unit set below it.
Ghazni Gate (1030 A.D.):
The gate originally belonged to the grave of Mahmud Ghaznavi at Ghazni. it had been brought from there by nation in1842. Lord Ellenborough, the governor, in historic proclamation claimed, that these were the wood gates of Somnath that Mahmud had taken to Ghazni in 1025, and also the British had therefore avenged Associate in Nursing insult of 800 years back. This false claim was created simply to win the goodwill of the Indian folks. The gate is, in fact, manufactured from native cedar tree wood of Ghazni and not of wood. the fashion of decoration bears no alikeness to ancient Gujrati woodwork. there's additionally Associate in Nursing Arabic inscription lapidarian on the higher half. It mentions Mahmud together with his epithets. Sir John Marshall had placed here a notice-board that delineated the entire episode concerning this gate. It is 16.5 feet high and thirteen.5 feet broad and its wight is concerning [*fr1] a lot. it's created of geometrical, polygonal shape and polygon panels that are mounted, one with the assistance of the opposite into the frame while not rivets. the concept to revive it at Somnath was ultimately given up and also the gate was abandoned. Since then, it's hold on during a area.
Jahangir's Chain of Justice (C. 1605 A.D.):
this can be the spot wherever Mughal king Jahangir instituted his 'chain of justice'(Zanjir-i-Adl) in c. 1605 A.D. He records in his memoir that once his accession, the primary order he gave, "was for the fastening of the chain of justice in order that if those engaged within the administration of justice ought to delay or observe hypocrisy, the aggrieved may come back to the current chain and shake it in order that its noise may attract my attention." it had been manufactured from pure gold. it had been 80' long and had sixty bells. Its weight was one Quintal. One finish was fixed to the battlements of the Shah-Burj and also the alternative finish to a stone post on the bank of the watercourse. this can be not a story. modern foreign travellers like William Hawkins in person saw it. it's additionally been represented during a modern painting created in 1620 A.D. This was some way to redress the grievances of the people that may approach the king, the very best judicial authority of the empire, directly, while not fee, concern or formality for immediate relief. There was no distinction of caste or creed or between poor and made. Jahangir's administration of justice 'Adl-i-Jahangir' became a legend in Indian history.
The Muthamman Burj (Shah-Burj) & Jharokha (1632 -1640 A.D.): This lovely palace surmounts the biggest bastion of Agra Fort on the riverside, facing the East. it absolutely was originally designed of red stone by Akbar United Nations agency used it for jharokha darshan, similarly as for sun worship, everyday at sunrise. Jehangir conjointly used it as jharokha, as is dependably shown in his painting created in 1620. He conjointly instituted his 'Adl-i-Janjir'(the chain of justice) on its side. due to its polygon set up, it absolutely was known as 'Muthamman Burj'. it's conjointly been mentioned as 'Shah-Burj'(the imperial or king's tower) by Persian historians and foreign travellers. Its name shrub tower or 'Samman-Burj' as recorded by the up to date historiographer Lahauri could be a name. it absolutely was restored with white marble by crowned head Jehan around 1632-1640 A.D. He conjointly used it for jharokha darshan that was an imperative a Mughal establishment as was 'Durbar'. it's associate degree polygon building, 5 external sides of that build a dalan commanding the watercourse. both sides has pillar and bracket openings, the east facet comes forward and accommodates a jharokha majestically. On the western facet of this palace could be a spacious dalan with Shah-Nasin (alcoves). A shallow water-basin (kunda) is unsuccessful in its pavement. it's copiously adorned . This dalan opens on a court that includes a chabutara projected by a jali screen, on its northern facet, a series of rooms resulting in Shish Mahal on its western facet; and a colonnade (dalan) with a space connected to its on the southern side. It is, thus, an outsized advanced entirely designed of white marble. it's deep niches on the walls, to interrupt the monotony. Dados have repetitive stylised creepers adorned on borders and lapidarian plants on the centre pillars, brackets and lintels conjointly bear finely adorned styles and it's one in every of the foremost decorated buildings of crowned head Jehan. This palace is directly connected to the Diwan-i-Khas, Shish Mahal, Khas Mahal, and alternative palaces. and it absolutely was from here that the Mughal emperor ruled the complete country. This burj offers full and majestic read of mausoleum and crowned head Jehan spent eight years (1658-1666 A.D.) of his imprisonment during this advanced, and it's aforementioned that he died here. His body was taken by boat to the mausoleum and buried.
Shish Mahal (A.D. 1631-40):
it absolutely was designed by Mughal Emperor Shahjahan as a neighborhood of summer palace. Its most quality is glass mosaic work done on its walls and ceiling. These glass items have high mirror quality that glittered and twinkled in thousand ways that in semi-dark interior. The glass was foreign from Haleb of Asian country. Shahjahan designed glass palace conjointly at Lahore and city, however this can be the best of all
HOW TO REACH
By Air
Agra Kheria aerodrome is additionally a military base. it's a seasonal industrial aerodrome and is connected solely by Air Asian nation flights from Indian capital. The flight from Delhi to city is a smaller amount than Associate in Nursing hour long. Kheria aerodrome is thirteen weight unit metres aloof from city town. rent a taxi from the aerodrome to urge to town, that ought to take you around 10-15 minutes betting on traffic.
By Train
Agra is settled on the Delhi-Mumbai and Delhi-Chennai route and is well connected to most cities across Asian nation. There ar regular trains to city from cities like Delhi, Jaipur, Gwalior and Jhansi. city is additionally well connected to cities in different components of the country like urban center, urban center and city. There ar 5 railway stations in city - city Cantt Station (the main station), city Fort railroad station, Raja ki Mandi, city town and Idgah railroad station. The Taj Mahal and city Fort ar a brief distance aloof from city Cantt railroad station and one will rent a pre-paid taxi, car cart or perhaps a velocipede to urge to those attractions.
Agra is settled on the Delhi-Mumbai and Delhi-Chennai route and is well connected to most cities across Asian nation. There ar regular trains to city from cities like Delhi, Jaipur, Gwalior and Jhansi. city is additionally well connected to cities in different components of the country like urban center, urban center and city. There ar 5 railway stations in city - city Cantt Station (the main station), city Fort railroad station, Raja ki Mandi, city town and Idgah railroad station. The Taj Mahal and city Fort ar a brief distance aloof from city Cantt railroad station and one will rent a pre-paid taxi, car cart or perhaps a velocipede to urge to those attractions.
By Road
Agra is connected to Delhi by NH2 and therefore the new Yamuna pike. The drive time is regarding 4-5 hours betting on traffic and time of the day. Jaipur is connected to city by NH11 and could be a 4-hour drive. Gwalior, connected by NH3 could be a one.5-hour drive whereas Lucknow and Kanpur, connected by NH2, ar a few 2-hour and 5-hour drive severally.
Agra is connected to Delhi by NH2 and therefore the new Yamuna pike. The drive time is regarding 4-5 hours betting on traffic and time of the day. Jaipur is connected to city by NH11 and could be a 4-hour drive. Gwalior, connected by NH3 could be a one.5-hour drive whereas Lucknow and Kanpur, connected by NH2, ar a few 2-hour and 5-hour drive severally.
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